Papillomaviruses are a group of viruses, with about 24 subgroups. So far, about 600 species have been discovered. It is transmitted only from person to person. The problem of diagnosis and treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) is solved. Faced with many people and doctors. The virus is able to accelerate tumor processes, it is found on the skin, in the esophagus, on the mucous membranes of the mouth, bronchi, conjunctiva and even in the rectum.
Causes of occurrence and methods of infection
Human papillomavirus is a very common disease that is transmitted by:
- during intercourse;
- When touched, kissed;
- through scratches or cuts when visiting the pool, bathhouse, public toilet or gym;
- When shaving or epilating.
Statistics say that women get infected in 20% of cases even from a partner.
About 70% of the population is ill and are carriers of HPV. The virus is particularly actively transmitted from patients who have warts (it is this virus that causes them to appear) on the skin and genitals with sharp or flat bumpsIn the form of growth. In medicine, they are called warts and papillomas.
Possible infection of the newborn from the mother during childbirth. In infants, the disease manifests itself as a growth in the throat or on the genitals.
Virus symptoms and development
The latent period (incubation) of the disease can last from two weeks to several years. At this time, there are no visible symptoms of the virus.
The appearance of warts on the skin can occur gradually and one at a time, but it is also possible that several condylomas or papillomas grow rapidly at once, which are similar in size to sea black.
Human papillomavirus manifests itself in women if the infection occurred sexually:
- in the territory of Libya;
- Vagina;
- uterine cervix;
For men:
- around the head of the penis;
- on the skin of the genitals.
When partners abstain from oral sex, the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat are affected, for lovers of anal sex - the anus, rectum.
Men rarely suffer from this disease, although they can be carriers. The virus is more commonly found in women on examination of their spouses.
Care!If suspicious growths are found, immediately consult a doctor, because with some types of viruses, neoplasms regenerate, leading to cancer.
Classification and Types
About 600 types of viruses have been discovered so far. They are mostly harmless and disappear within two years after infection in the presence of normal immunity.
However, about 40 species are dangerous to humans, causing both benign and oncological neoplasms.
In the 80s of the last century, doctors proved the connection between HPV infection and cervical cancer.
The following types of viruses are classified according to the location of the skin lesions and varieties:
- bottom;
- "Butcher's Warts";
- Simple;
- Flat.
On the genitals:
- genital warts;
- Flattening, provoking changes in the surface of the cervical membrane and causing oncology;
- Papillomas that cause cancer of the genital organs and anus in both women and men.
other types:
- damage to the oral mucosa;
- papillomas of the respiratory tract;
- Tumors of the neck, head, lungs.
Varieties:
- Simple papillomas appear on the back of the palms, and in children they can grow on the knees. They look like rough growths in the form of a cone.
- Plantar - hinder walking, see beginning as a spiny growth, then grow to a wart with a rim at the base. Growing up, they form a whole bunch of similar structures.
- Flattening - the color differs slightly from the skin, but causes itching, redness, discomfort.
- Filiform. In medicine they are called acrochords. They appear more often in people over the age of 50. At first, they look like yellowish bumps, growing, up to 6 mm long.
When warts appear in visible areas, a sick person can go to a medical institution for diagnosis and treatment. Determining the defeat of the cervix or vagina is more difficult, especially if women neglect visits to the gynecologist. Huh.
virus diagnosis
If suspicious growths appear on the skin or mucous membranes in the form of papilla-like (warts) or uneven, bumpy warts, you should definitely consult a doctor. Warts do not cause cancer as often as flat papillomasBut they are best removed to reduce the chances of infecting those around you.
Because of the possibility of developing cancer, such neoplasms are being investigated.
The doctor takes an analysis for human papillomavirus - scraping from the surface of the mucosa (colposcopy with damage to the cervix - examination of the mucosa under strong magnification) or skin. Changes in the structure of tissue (dysplasia) as well as the type of virusThe sample is examined under a microscope to determine whether
According to the results of a cytological study, cervical smears are divided into 5 classes:
- no changes;
- changes are caused by inflammatory processes;
- there are minor changes in the structure of cells, requiring histology;
- cells with signs of malignant transformation were found;
- There are many cells that have symptoms of cancer.
Histological examination gives a more detailed picture of changes in the structure of the tissue.
Clinics use special HPV - tests that allow you to get a more accurate analysis result. A positive test result indicates the occurrence of malignant processes in the tissue.
HPV is at high oncogenic risk. A high risk of cancer is caused by human papillomavirus types 16 and 18, which are found in 70% of screened cases.
Based on the results of the examination, a diagnosis is made and treatment is prescribed.
HPV Treatment Methods
How to treat human papillomavirus? In connection with the decrease in immunity caused by the disease, doctors first of all prescribe drugs that enhance it:
- interferon;
- interferonogens
But the main means of treatment is the mandatory removal of neoplasms by the methods of modern cosmetology:
- diathermoelectrocoagulation;
- cryodestruction ("handcraft" with liquid nitrogen);
- laser removal;
- radio or chemical treatment;
- The introduction of immunostimulants or immunomodulators in the increase.
In each case of the disease, the types of treatment should be prescribed by a specialist.
If, according to the results of the examination, pathological processes are not found in the skin, then only papillomas containing a small area of the skin are removed. If malignant cells are detected, the operation depends on the depth of the lesion. Can occupy a significant area.
Folk Methods and Cuisines
How to treat human papillomavirus? At all times, traditional medicine has helped to fight diseases. Experience in the treatment of HPV is also quite extensive.
Means recommended by traditional medicine. You can lubricate warts:
- celandine juice;
- sour apple juice and their pomace;
- dandelion juice;
- Ammonia.
Proven Recipes:
- Prepare an infusion of chaga, celandine, string, freeze it and apply ice cubes 3-4 times a day.
- Lubricate with castor oil, then cover with a cloth. Usually 5-6 such procedures are enough.
- Kerosene and walnuts. Grind raw nuts in a meat grinder, then mix: for 1 part nuts - 2 parts kerosene, the mixture should be applied for three weeks. Apply on warts 2 times a day.
Herbalists recommend drinking alcohol to increase immunity
- potato juice,
- echinacea infusion,
- Rose tea.
Herbal Collection:
- dandelion roots, nettle, lemon balm, horsetail, plantain;
- Wormwood, St. John's Wort, Tricolor Violet, Dill (seed), Calamus (roots), Clover (flower), Banana.
hpv treatment at home
You can remove papillomas at home using drugs that are sold in pharmacies:
- Special composition that freezes warts. It should be applied carefully so that it does not get on healthy skin. After the procedure, in about a week, the growth will disappear, leaving no trace.
- Healing with adhesive bandages. Takes only 3 hours. But it can cause unpleasant or painful sensations if torn.
- Dilute 2. 5 g of aspirin powder, the same amount of iodine, 2 g of boric acid and papilloma in 100 ml of alcohol with this composition.
infection prevention
And yet, do not forget about the viral nature of the appearance of unpleasant growths. Removing papillomas from the surface of the skin will not make it possible to get rid of the disease. Therefore, you need to consult a specialist to prevent the degeneration of the neoplasm into cancer. It is not yet possible to completely cure HPV, but you can take steps to avoid becoming infected.
For prevention you need:
- Use condoms for casual sex. Condoms do not completely protect against HPV infection, as it does not cover the entire surface of the skin from contact, but still partially helps to avoid the spread of infection.
- Avoid going to the bath, pool, toilet even if there are small wounds on the skin.
- Children are vaccinated against cervical cancer, which is caused by the HPV virus. Girls 11-12 years old are vaccinated. Vaccination results showed a reduction in the disease in women who received the drug.
Have you noticed a wart or suspicious growth on your body? Contact a competent specialist and follow all recommendations. HPV can sometimes be very dangerous. Learn about treatment and removal methods and take action!